Here’s an informative piece about pipe stem materials. As a pipe smoker three years deep into the hobby, this is one of those topics that took me awhile to figure out, as unimportant as it may be. This is my attempt at saving the new pipe smoker from many, many sleepless nights, premature hair loss, sexual disfunction, and overall general malaise. Here is a breakdown of common and uncommon stem materials, and how you can identify them.

Some ebonite/vulcanite stems, in various degrees of neglect
Ebonite- Ebonite is rubber, hardened through a process of heating the material for a long period of time with sulfur. It is always black. I believe it to be the most common material used in stem making. Ebonite is the ONLY choice for pipe elitists, purists, and douches. Ebonite was actually invented By Chuck Goodyear in 1843. Ebonite is actually a brand name that has kind of just become an all encompassing term for all stems made of Vulcanite, or hard rubber. To compare this to another product, and also offer some clarity, I give you this equation: Ebonite is to Vulcanite, as Kleenex is to tissues. A-HA! The downfall of ebonite stems is that they oxidize, or turn brownish green. This is caused by saliva and air getting all over it, and sunlight will do it too. You’ve really got to take care of these stems and maintain them often with a good coat of olive oil. That’s what I use, but you can substitute with carnauba wax, or a variety of commercially available products.
Vulcanite- Do I really need to go there?? You get it.

Some acrylic/lucite stems
Acrylic- Acrylic, in short form is just simply a plastic. The long winded answer is that it is asynthetic plastic material containing at least one derivative of acrylic acid. There’s an even longer answer, but who really cares anyway? Acrylic stems come in a rainbow of colors (including black), and combinations, and swirls of color. What I like about Acrylic is that it is maintenance free and will not oxidize. Also it’s just so damn purdy.
How do I tell the difference between Acrylic and Ebonite? First test is the sight test. Look at it. If it is any other color than black, it is most likely acrylic. Acrylic does come in black though, so further tests may be needed. Tap it lightly against a table, or better yet, bite down on it. Now I am not too eloquent, so I’m not sure how to articulate this thought, but to me, the difference between the feel and sound of acrylic vs. ebonite, is like dropping both a silver quarter, and a newer quarter on a hard surface, just don’t take value into consideration. The acrylic feels harder than the ebonite, and would be the silver quarter. The Ebonite, whereas it IS in fact very hard, does have the slightest give to it. It’s slightly more comfy on the teeth. Ebonite would be the newer quarter, dropping on a hard surface with more of a dull thud, than the sharp “ping” of the acrylic, or “silver quarter”. I feel like I made that twice as hard to understand, with my stupid quarter analogy…Typical pipe smoker trait.
Lucite- AHHH-HAAA!!!! Here we go again! Lucite is to Acrylic, as Ebonite is to Vulcanite, as Kleenex is to tissues!! You love these, and so do I! (Non-douche answer: Lucite is a brand name of Acrylic; kinda like “Nike” is a brand name of shoes. Dammit there I went again).

A bakelite stem on a fine handcrafted pipe. Many more available at www.ejhpipes.com
Bakelite- Bakelite is pretty rare and very awesome stuff, and actually created on accident. It is similar to acrylic in the sense that it is a hard plastic, and comes in many colors. You may not ever own a pipe with a Bakelite stem, or even a Bakelite shank extension, but you’ll see them out there if you look around. A pipe carver who uses quite a bit of bakelite, as well as some other cool vintage materials, is Eric Heberling. Eric supplied me with the photo to the right, and has many pipes available for purchase, and also does commision work. Check out www.ejhpipes.com and also find him on facebook under ejhpipes. Much like Lucite, and Ebonite; Bakelite is a brand name. The coolest thing about Bakelite is that it is the worlds first ever synthetic plastic. It was originally used for electric components because of it’s non-conductiveness..or is it non-conduciveness? Anyway, Bakelite was actually made with formaldehyde. It’s called Bakelite after it’s creator: Leo Baekland..And it’s just a tad easier to say and write then polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride. Bakelite has actually become very valuable, because people are collecting it. Bakelite was used in a million different things and has achieved “Retro/Vintage” status, so you know the hipsters are adorning their flannel shirts, and blazers with the corduroy elbow patches with all the Bakelite shit they can. There is a cool test you can perform on Bakelite to see if it is actually Bakelite; spray 409 on a Q-tip, and rub the material with it.True Bakelite will leave a yellow mark, which you need to wash off. I think Bakelite is super awesome, and I could honestly go on about it for another page, but I’ll leave you with just one more Bakelite fun-fact: Once Bakelite is molded and cast, it could not be melted. Because of this durability, in 1943 Bakelite was considered as a replacement for copper, in the production of pennies by the U.S. Mint, as copper was being used for producing war type stuff.
Some pipes have wooden stems, and I think you’re probably able to identify a wood stem. Are there other materials used for stems? Sure there is! Here’s the thing though, I don’t know enough about them to write anything. If I forgot anything, or you have something to add, please feel free to comment below. I am by no means an expert on the subject, but I did sleep at a “Holiday Inn Express” last night. Only there wasn’t much sleeping going on…if you know what I mean……..Yes, the bed was uncomfortable. Plus, I don’t sleep well when I’m away from home.